Bull is considered half of the herd. This is true for the bull with high fertility. A good breeding bull has high fertility and genetic breeding value for economically important traits like high fertility, high conception rate, high milk yield of progeny, higher growth rate, high genetic merit. A good management of breeding bulls for the maintenance of good condition is essential for the success of breeding programme. In general, a rising condition is better than the falling one for the reproduction. A good breeding bull should be able to maintain body condition, have good libido, mount the cow in heat repeatedly, and produce semen of acceptable parameters, high conception rate and long sexual life left.

• Breeding soundness examination the bull should be done before introducing them in breeding programme. It should be performed annually on the breeding-age bulls.

• Breeding soundness examination involves: visual assessment of eyes, feet, legs and external genitalia; internal palpation of accessory sex glands, and scrotal measurement. Apart from these, semen examination may be done.

• The bulls with small scrotal circumferences and extremely pendulous sheaths should be avoided.

• Bulls should be of young age (less than 3 years)

• Bulls should be purchased from accredited herds having good history

• Bulls if transported, should be examined for the injuries during transport and should be quarantined for 10 days at least.

• The vaccination certificate and status of the bulls should be noted.

• Ideally buy the bull three months before the use.

• Vaccinate the bulls, if required, and provide the anti-parasitic treatment also.

• • Breeding bull should not be obese therefore it should be given sufficient exercise so that they do not become obese.

• • Regular grooming of the bull should be practiced and they must be trained for the mounting on the signal of trainer.

• • Breeding bull should be housed separately known as Bull Shed with suitable floor, floor space (both covered and open space).

• • Breeding should be given free access to the clean water.

• • A balanced ration should be provided to the breeding bull for its optimum performance.

• A care should be taken to protect the breeding bulls from thermal stress by proving bellowing or fan or water sprinkling during summer.

• Bulls are mostly aggressive therefore a bull nose ring may be used to control them.

• Green fodder should be provided to the bull before and during the breeding season.

• Bulls should be screened for the infectious diseases that are transmitted through semen.

• Regular deworming of the bulls should be done.

• Floor of the bull should be non-slippery

• Breeding bulls should be vaccinated according to the guidelines of the Animal Husbandry Department.

• Breeding bulls used for natural service should be the same size of the female.

• Bulls should be observed for the lameness and the hoofs should be trimmed annually.